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Dry eye syndrome is considered as a multifactorial disease accompanied by increased osmolarity of the tear film1. All products of the VISMED® range have been formulated to be hypotonic in order to counteract the hyperosmolarity of tears in dry eye patients2.
Osmolarity is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution (Osml/l). Osmolarity is a measure of the osmotic pressure exerted by a solution across a perfect semipermeable membrane e.g. in epithelium cells. The osmolarity of normal tear fluid is about 300 mOsm/l (isoosmolarity), but it can be as high as about 340 mOsm/l (hyperosmolarity) in patients with Dry Eye.
Tear hyperosmolarity is regarded as the central mechanism causing ocular surface inflammation, damage, and symptoms, and the initiation of compensatory events in Dry Eye.1
All VISMED® products contain concentrations of essential ions similar to those found in natural tears. Calcium and magnesium ions are important in cell adhesion, cell junction and cellular transport while potassium contributes to the maintenance of corneal thickness.3,4
VISMED® patented formulations contains sufficient sodium citrate to maintain the phosphate and calcium ions in solution and therefore prevent corneal calcification due to precipitation of calcium phosphate.5
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